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level luffing crane
A level-luffing crane is a crane mechanism where the hook remains at the same level whilst luffing; moving the jib up and down, so as to move the hook inwards and outwards relative to the base.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.konecranes.com/attachments/brochures/level_luffing_low.pdf )〕
Usually the description is only applied to those with a luffing jib that have some ''additional'' mechanism applied to keep the hook level when luffing.
Level-luffing is most important when careful movement of a load near ground level is required, such as in construction or shipbuilding. This partially explains the popularity of fixed horizontal jibs in these fields.
== Toplis cable luffing ==
An early form of level-luffing gear was the "Toplis" design, invented by a Stothert & Pitt engineer in 1914.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://vads.ahds.ac.uk/diad/article.php?year=1968&title=233&article=d.233.47 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.btinternet.com/~a.esplen/models/pic12.htm )〕 The crane jibs luffs as for a conventional crane, with the end of the jib rising and falling. The crane's hook is kept level by automatically paying out enough extra cable to compensate for this. This is also a purely mechanical linkage, arranged by the reeving of the hoist cables to the jib over a number of pulleys at the crane's apex above the cab, so that luffing the jib upwards allows more free cable and lowers the hook to compensate.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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